Crayons got their name from Edwin Binney's wife, Alice. She combined the words craie French for chalk with the first part of the word oleaginous the oily paraffin wax to make the word "crayola.
The mixture is heated until it melts into a liquid. Crayons melt at degrees Fahrenheit 40 degrees Celsius. The mixture is heated to F 82 C. The liquid is poured into a preheated mold full of hundreds of crayon-shaped holes.
Cool water 55 F, 13 C is used to cool the mold, allowing the crayon to be made in 3 to 9 minutes. A single mold makes 1, crayons at a time, weighing a total of about 40 pounds.
The operator uses hydraulic pressure to eject the crayons from the mold. Earlier mold designs used a hand crank to push up the crayons. The just-molded crayons are then manually quality checked for imperfections and inspected for broken tips. The excess wax from the mold and any rejected crayons are recycled to be re-melted.
More than crayon colors are possible. See the new page to learn how they make Crayon labels. The label machine wraps the crayon twice to give it strength. Bare crayons are fed from one hopper while labels are fed from a separate hopper. Glue is added to the glue pot and the label machine is started. The glue transfers to a slot in a drum that a crayon goes into. Crayon manufacturing is a simple process, but one which is still relatively labor intensive.
Until recently, the paraffin-pigment mixtures were poured by hand from the tubs into a bucket and then into molds. Newer machinery now automates the process and pumps the mixture directly into the molds.
In some large, older factories, both processes might be used. In the early days of crayon manufacture, an entire factory floor might be devoted to the production of a single color for a day or more. Following that color's molding, machines would be cleaned and a new color would be made.
In today's factory, the demand for crayons is so huge, and the number of different colors so great easily more than , that individual vats and molds are dedicated to only one or only a few colors, and the production lines run day and night.
Responding to concerns that young children would try to eat the crayons, the company determined to produce only crayons that smelled like non-edible objects such as flowers.
All crayons sold in the U. Although the ingestion of a large quantity of paraffin might result in a stomach ache, long-term effects are not likely to occur. Most toxicology evaluations in the U. Each formula for any art product is submitted to the Institute and evaluated by a toxicologist. In addition to the out-and-out toxicity of an ingredient, a broad range of possible effects are also investigated. Testing is sometimes required, for example, to evaluate the interactions of individual ingredients within a single product or to determine whether a product will cause skin irritation.
All materials must be evaluated at least every five years, and any change in the formula triggers a new evaluation. Pluckrose, Henry. Franklin Watts, Baggerman, Lisa. Toggle navigation. Made How Volume 2 Crayon Crayon. The first box of Crayolas rolled off the production line years ago, and today the company's Easton, Pennsylvania, factory turns out 12 million crayons a day.
Makes sense, given how likely its consumers are to put the product in their mouths. Here's how Crayola makes the iconic but inedible color sticks. Melt Twice a week, railcars full of uncolored paraffin wax pull up to the factory. An oil-filled boiler heats the cars with steam, and workers pump the now-molten glop into a silo.
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