The burst of oestrogen just before ovulation also works inside the neck of the uterus the cervix to make protein-rich clear jelly that covers the top of the vagina during sex. This makes the vagina acidic which prevents thrush and other infections.
This is also a suitable environment for sperm survival. The sperm rapidly swim up and into the cervix, where they can survive in the mucus for up to five days before an egg is released. When the egg is released at ovulation, it is covered in sticky cells, which help the fallopian tube to catch it.
The egg and the sperm meet in the fallopian tube where the sperm start to digest the sticky cells. While it takes only one sperm to make a baby, several need to attach to the outer shell and the membrane of the egg before one can enter and fertilise it. After fertilisation, the egg and sperm very quickly merge and divide to become an embryo and chemicals are released to stop other sperm from entering.
Over the next four or five days the fertilised egg continues to divide and to travel towards the uterus. The hormone progesterone, which is secreted into your blood stream by the burst follicle now called the corpus luteum prepares the uterus for the egg to implant. The best time to attempt a pregnancy is in the three to six day leading up to and including ovulation.
The most fertile days will vary depending on your cycle length. If you are using contraception you will need to stop using it if you plan to get pregnant. There are no clear guidelines about when to stop using the Pill oral contraception if you are planning to get pregnant.
The egg has a hour lifespan during which it can be penetrated or fertilized by sperm. Research studies have shown that sex on the days just before ovulation most often lead to pregnancy.
Highest pregnancy rates were seen if sex occurred on the day before ovulation the day of the LH surge detected by over the counter ovulation predictor kits.
Sex as early as six days before ovulation also had a chance of pregnancy, but it was much smaller. If the only time sex occurred was after ovulation, there were no pregnancies.
During that time, a mature egg and, rarely, more than one egg will leave the uterus and travel down into the Fallopian tubes. So, ovulation occurs only one time during each menstrual cycle and generally lasts from hours.
Wow, only hours? Not at all! Sperm can live inside the female reproductive track for up to 5 days, experts note.
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